Journal of Movement Disorders

Review Article

A Practical Guide for Diagnostic Investigations and Special Considerations in Patients With Huntington’s Disease in Korea: Jangsup Moon, Eungseok Oh, Minkyeong Kim, Ryul Kim, Dallah Yoo, Chaewon Shin, Jee-Young Lee, Jong-Min Kim, Seong-Beom Koh, Manho Kim, Beomseok Jeon; J Mov Disord. 2025;18(1):17-30. Published online December 26, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.24232

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Abstract PDF: This review provides a comprehensive framework for the diagnostic approach and management of Huntington’s disease (HD) tailored to the Korean population. Key topics include genetic counseling, predictive testing, and reproductive options like preimplantation genetic testing. Strategies for assessing disease progression in premanifest HD through laboratory investigations, biofluid, and imaging biomarkers are highlighted. Special considerations for juvenile and late-onset HD, along with associated comorbidities like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular abnormalities, are discussed. The guide emphasizes personalized symptom management, including pharmacotherapy, physical therapy, and nutritional support, while exploring emerging disease-modifying treatments. A multidisciplinary care model is advocated to improve outcomes for HD patients and caregivers in Korea.

Brief communication

Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters During Turning and Imbalance in Parkinson’s Disease: Video-Based Analysis From a Single Camera: HoYoung Jeon, Jung Hwan Shin, Ri Yu, Min Kyung Kang, Seungmin Lee, Seoyeon Kim, Bora Jin, Kyung Ah Woo, Han-Joon Kim, Beomseok Jeon; J Mov Disord. 2025;18(1):87-92. Published online December 23, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.24210

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: Objective
This study aims to objectively evaluate turning gait parameters in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients using 2D-RGB video-based analysis and explore their relationships with imbalance.
Methods
We prospectively enrolled PD patients for clinical assessment, balance analysis and gait with 180º turning. Spatiotemporal gait parameters during turning were derived using video-based analysis and correlated with modified Hoehn and Yahr (mHY) stages and center of pressure (COP) oscillations.
Results
A total of 64 PD patients were enrolled. The PD patients with higher mHY stages (≥2.5) had significantly longer turning times, greater numbers of steps, wider step bases and less variability in step length during turns. COP oscillations were positively correlated with the mean turning time on both the anterior-posterior and right-left axes.
Conclusion
Spatiotemporal gait parameter during turning, derived from video-based gait analysis, may represent apromising biomarker for monitoring postural instability in PD patients.

Viewpoint

A Practical Guide for Clinical Approach to Patients With Huntington’s Disease in Korea: Chaewon Shin, Ryul Kim, Dallah Yoo, Eungseok Oh, Jangsup Moon, Minkyeong Kim, Jee-Young Lee, Jong-Min Kim, Seong-Beom Koh, Manho Kim, Beomseok Jeon; J Mov Disord. 2024;17(2):138-149. Published online March 12, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.24040

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A Practical Guide for Diagnostic Investigations and Special Considerations in Patients With Huntington’s Disease in Korea
Jangsup Moon, Eungseok Oh, Minkyeong Kim, Ryul Kim, Dallah Yoo, Chaewon Shin, Jee-Young Lee, Jong-Min Kim, Seong-Beom Koh, Manho Kim, Beomseok Jeon
Journal of Movement Disorders.2025; 18(1): 17. CrossRef

Original Article

Caregiver Burden of Patients With Huntington’s Disease in South Korea: Chan Young Lee, Chaewon Shin, Yun Su Hwang, Eungseok Oh, Manho Kim, Hyun Sook Kim, Sun Ju Chung, Young Hee Sung, Won Tae Yoon, Jin Whan Cho, Jae-Hyeok Lee, Han-Joon Kim, Hee Jin Chang, Beomseok Jeon, Kyung Ah Woo, Seong-Beom Koh, Kyum-Yil Kwon, Jangsup Moon, Young Eun Kim, Jee-Young Lee; J Mov Disord. 2024;17(1):30-37. Published online September 11, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.23134

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Objective
This is the first prospective cohort study of Huntington’s disease (HD) in Korea. This study aimed to investigate the caregiver burden in relation to the characteristics of patients and caregivers.
Methods
From August 2020 to February 2022, we enrolled patients with HD from 13 university hospitals in Korea. We used the 12-item Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI-12) to evaluate the caregiver burden. We evaluated the clinical associations of the ZBI-12 scores by linear regression analysis and investigated the differences between the low- and high-burden groups.
Results
Sixty-five patients with HD and 45 caregivers were enrolled in this cohort study. The average age at onset of motor symptoms was 49.3 ± 12.3 years, with an average cytosine-adenine-guanine (CAG)n of 42.9 ± 4.0 (38–65). The median ZBI-12 score among our caregivers was 17.6 ± 14.2. A higher caregiver burden was associated with a more severe Shoulson–Fahn stage (p = 0.038) of the patients. A higher ZBI-12 score was also associated with lower independence scale (B = -0.154, p = 0.006) and functional capacity (B = -1.082, p = 0.002) scores of patients. The caregiving duration was longer in the high- than in the low-burden group. Caregivers’ demographics, blood relation, and marital and social status did not affect the burden significantly.
Conclusion
HD patients’ neurological status exerts an enormous impact on the caregiver burden regardless of the demographic or social status of the caregiver. This study emphasizes the need to establish an optimal support system for families dealing with HD in Korea. A future longitudinal analysis could help us understand how disease progression aggravates the caregiver burden throughout the entire disease course.

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Attitude toward physical activity among Asian American family caregivers of persons living with dementia
JiWon Choi, Van Park, Andrew Jung, Janice Tsoh
Geriatric Nursing.2025; 62: 276. CrossRef
Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Caregivers of People with Motor Neurone Disease: A Scoping Review of Psychosocial Outcomes
Chidera Okoh, Leighanne Mayall, Selina M. Makin, Cliff Chen, Nicolò Zarotti
Brain Sciences.2025; 15(2): 112. CrossRef
A Practical Guide for Diagnostic Investigations and Special Considerations in Patients With Huntington’s Disease in Korea
Jangsup Moon, Eungseok Oh, Minkyeong Kim, Ryul Kim, Dallah Yoo, Chaewon Shin, Jee-Young Lee, Jong-Min Kim, Seong-Beom Koh, Manho Kim, Beomseok Jeon
Journal of Movement Disorders.2025; 18(1): 17. CrossRef
A Practical Guide for Clinical Approach to Patients With Huntington’s Disease in Korea
Chaewon Shin, Ryul Kim, Dallah Yoo, Eungseok Oh, Jangsup Moon, Minkyeong Kim, Jee-Young Lee, Jong-Min Kim, Seong-Beom Koh, Manho Kim, Beomseok Jeon
Journal of Movement Disorders.2024; 17(2): 138. CrossRef

Review Articles

Nine Hereditary Movement Disorders First Described in Asia: Their History and Evolution: Priya Jagota, Yoshikazu Ugawa, Zakiyah Aldaajani, Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim, Hiroyuki Ishiura, Yoshiko Nomura, Shoji Tsuji, Cid Diesta, Nobutaka Hattori, Osamu Onodera, Saeed Bohlega, Amir Al-Din, Shen-Yang Lim, Jee-Young Lee, Beomseok Jeon, Pramod Kumar Pal, Huifang Shang, Shinsuke Fujioka, Prashanth Lingappa Kukkle, Onanong Phokaewvarangkul, Chin-Hsien Lin, Cholpon Shambetova, Roongroj Bhidayasiri; J Mov Disord. 2023;16(3):231-247. Published online June 13, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.23065

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Clinical case studies and reporting are important to the discovery of new disorders and the advancement of medical sciences. Both clinicians and basic scientists play equally important roles leading to treatment discoveries for both cures and symptoms. In the field of movement disorders, exceptional observation of patients from clinicians is imperative, not just for phenomenology but also for the variable occurrences of these disorders, along with other signs and symptoms, throughout the day and the disease course. The Movement Disorders in Asia Task Force (TF) was formed to help enhance and promote collaboration and research on movement disorders within the region. As a start, the TF has reviewed the original studies of the movement disorders that were preliminarily described in the region. These include nine disorders that were first described in Asia: Segawa disease, PARK-Parkin, X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism, dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy, Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome, benign adult familial myoclonic epilepsy, Kufor-Rakeb disease, tremulous dystonia associated with mutation of the calmodulin-binding transcription activator 2 gene, and paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia. We hope that the information provided will honor the original researchers and help us learn and understand how earlier neurologists and basic scientists together discovered new disorders and made advances in the field, which impact us all to this day.

Citations

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Genetic heterogeneity of early onset Parkinson disease: The dilemma of clinico-genetic correlation
Roopa Rajan, Vikram V. Holla, Nitish Kamble, Ravi Yadav, Pramod Kumar Pal
Parkinsonism & Related Disorders.2024; 129: 107146. CrossRef

Historical and More Common Nongenetic Movement Disorders From Asia: Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim, Priya Jagota, Pramod Kumar Pal, Roongroj Bhidayasiri, Shen-Yang Lim, Yoshikazu Ugawa, Zakiyah Aldaajani, Beomseok Jeon, Shinsuke Fujioka, Jee-Young Lee, Prashanth Lingappa Kukkle, Huifang Shang, Onanong Phokaewvarangkul, Cid Diesta, Cholpon Shambetova, Chin-Hsien Lin; J Mov Disord. 2023;16(3):248-260. Published online June 9, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.22224

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Nongenetic movement disorders are common throughout the world. The movement disorders encountered may vary depending on the prevalence of certain disorders across various geographical regions. In this paper, we review historical and more common nongenetic movement disorders in Asia. The underlying causes of these movement disorders are diverse and include, among others, nutritional deficiencies, toxic and metabolic causes, and cultural Latah syndrome, contributed by geographical, economic, and cultural differences across Asia. The industrial revolution in Japan and Korea has led to diseases related to environmental toxin poisoning, such as Minamata disease and β-fluoroethyl acetate-associated cerebellar degeneration, respectively, while religious dietary restriction in the Indian subcontinent has led to infantile tremor syndrome related to vitamin B12 deficiency. In this review, we identify the salient features and key contributing factors in the development of these disorders.

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Diabetic striatopathy and other acute onset de novo movement disorders in hyperglycemia
Subhankar Chatterjee, Ritwik Ghosh, Payel Biswas, Shambaditya Das, Samya Sengupta, Souvik Dubey, Biman Kanti Ray, Alak Pandit, Julián Benito-León, Rana Bhattacharjee
Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews.2024; 18(3): 102997. CrossRef
Tremors in Infantile Tremor Syndrome Mimicking Epilepsia Partialis Continua
Tonyot Gailson, Pradeep Kumar Gunasekaran, Arushi Gahlot Saini, Chaithanya Reddy
Journal of Movement Disorders.2024; 17(3): 351. CrossRef

Letters to the editor

Investigation of the Long-Term Effects of Amantadine Use in Parkinson’s Disease: Sangmin Park, Jung Hwan Shin, Seung Ho Jeon, Chan Young Lee, Han-Joon Kim, Beomseok Jeon; J Mov Disord. 2023;16(2):224-226. Published online May 24, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.23037

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PDF Supplementary Material

Absence of Alpha-Synuclein Pathology in the Stomach of a Patient With Prodromal Dementia With Lewy Bodies: Chaewon Shin, Seong-Ik Kim, Sung-Hye Park, Jung Hwan Shin, Chan Young Lee, Han-Joon Kim, Hyuk-Joon Lee, Seong-Ho Kong, Yun-Suhk Suh, Han-Kwang Yang, Beomseok Jeon; J Mov Disord. 2023;16(2):213-216. Published online April 26, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.22219

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PDF Supplementary Material

Viewpoint

Challenges in Parkinson’s Disease Care—In Light of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Kyung Ah Woo, Han-Joon Kim, Beomseok Jeon; J Mov Disord. 2023;16(1):52-54. Published online November 10, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.22085

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Efficacy of telerehabilitation with digital and robotic tools for the continuity of care of people with chronic neurological disorders: The TELENEURO@REHAB protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Federica Rossetto, Fabiola Giovanna Mestanza Mattos, Elisa Gervasoni, Marco Germanotta, Arianna Pavan, Davide Cattaneo, Irene Aprile, Francesca Baglio
DIGITAL HEALTH.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

Brief communication

Sensitivity of Detecting Alpha-Synuclein Accumulation in the Gastrointestinal Tract and Tissue Volume Examined: Chaewon Shin, Seong-Ik Kim, Sung-Hye Park, Jung Hwan Shin, Chan Young Lee, Han-Kwang Yang, Hyuk-Joon Lee, Seong-Ho Kong, Yun-Suhk Suh, Han-Joon Kim, Beomseok Jeon; J Mov Disord. 2022;15(3):264-268. Published online July 26, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.22042

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate whether a larger tissue volume increases the sensitivity of detecting alpha-synuclein (AS) pathology in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
Methods
Nine patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) or idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep disorder (iRBD) who underwent GI operation and had full-depth intestinal blocks were included. All patients were selected from our previous study population. A total of 10 slides (5 serial sections from the proximal and distal blocks) per patient were analyzed.
Results
In previous studies, pathologic evaluation revealed phosphorylated AS (+) in 5/9 patients (55.6%) and in 1/5 controls (20.0%); in this extensive examination, this increased to 8/9 patients (88.9%) but remained the same in controls (20.0%). The severity and distribution of positive findings were similar between patients with iRBD and PD.
Conclusion
Examining a large tissue volume increased the sensitivity of detecting AS accumulation in the GI tract.

Citations

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Symmetric and Profound Monoaminergic Degeneration in Parkinson’s Disease with Premotor REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
Kyung Ah Woo, Han-Joon Kim, Jung Hwan Shin, Kangyoung Cho, Hongyoon Choi, Beomseok Jeon
Journal of Parkinson’s Disease.2024; 14(4): 823. CrossRef

Original Articles

Long-Term Outcomes of Deep Brain Stimulation in Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration-Related Dystonia: Kyung Ah Woo, Han-Joon Kim, Seung-Ho Jeon, Hye Ran Park, Kye Won Park, Seung Hyun Lee, Sun Ju Chung, Jong-Hee Chae, Sun Ha Paek, Beomseok Jeon; J Mov Disord. 2022;15(3):241-248. Published online July 26, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.22002

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Objective
To investigate the long-term clinical outcomes of pallidal deep brain stimulation (GPi-DBS) in patients with pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN).
Methods
We reviewed the records of patients with genetically confirmed PKAN who received bilateral GPi-DBS for refractory dystonia and were clinically followed up for at least 2 years postoperatively at two centers in Korea. Pre- and postoperative Burke– Fahn–Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale motor subscale (BFMDRS-M) scores, disability subscale (BFMDRS-D) scores, and qualitative clinical information were prospectively collected. Descriptive analysis was performed for BFMDRS-M scores, BFMDRSD scores, and the orofacial, axial, and limb subscores of the BFMDRS-M at 6–12, 24–36, and 60–72 months postoperatively.
Results
Five classic-type, four atypical-type, and one unknown-type PKAN cases were identified. The mean preoperative BFMDRS-M score was 92.1 for the classic type and 38.5 for the atypical or unknown type, with a mean BFMDRS follow-up of 50.7 months and a clinical follow-up of 69.0 months. The mean improvements in BFMDRS-M score were 11.3%, 41.3%, and 30.5% at 6–12, 24–36, and 60–72 months, respectively. In four patients with full regular evaluations until 60–72 months, improvements in the orofacial, axial, and limb subscores persisted, but the disability scores worsened from 24–36 months post-operation compared to the baseline, mainly owing to the aggravation of eating and feeding disabilities.
Conclusion
The benefits of GPi-DBS on dystonia may persist for more than 5 years in PKAN. The effects on patients’ subjective disability may have a shorter duration despite improvements in dystonia owing to the complex manifestations of PKAN.

Citations

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Imaging Findings of Intracerebral Infection after Deep Brain Stimulation: Pediatric Case Series and Literature Review
Andrew Z. Yang, Alexandre Boutet, Vivek Pai, Michael J. Colditz, Artur Vetkas, Brendan Santyr, Nardin Samuel, Jurgen Germann, Sara Breitbart, Lior Elkam, Birgit Ertl‐Wagner, Alfonso Fasano, Andres M. Lozano, George M Ibrahim, Carolina Gorodetsky
Movement Disorders Clinical Practice.2025; 12(2): 242. CrossRef
Hallerworden – Spatz DISEASE. Clinical case
L. B. Novikova, K. M. Ziultsle, A. P. Akopian
Medical alphabet.2025; (33): 34. CrossRef
Deep Brain Stimulation for Refractory Status Dystonicus in Children: Multicenter Case Series and Systematic Review
Lindsey M. Vogt, Han Yan, Brendan Santyr, Sara Breitbart, Melanie Anderson, Jürgen Germann, Karlo J. Lizarraga, Angela L. Hewitt, Alfonso Fasano, George M. Ibrahim, Carolina Gorodetsky
Annals of Neurology.2024; 95(1): 156. CrossRef
Illustration of the long-term efficacy of pallidal deep brain stimulation in a patient with PKAN dystonia
Luigi M. Romito, Fabiana Colucci, Giovanna Zorzi, Barbara Garavaglia, Ahmet Kaymak, Alberto Mazzoni, Celeste Panteghini, Nico Golfrè Andreasi, Sara Rinaldo, Vincenzo Levi, Miryam Carecchio, Roberto Eleopra
Parkinsonism & Related Disorders.2024; 123: 106977. CrossRef
Case of Hallervorden–Spatz Syndrome: A Tale of Twin Sisters
Naveen Reddy, Jitender Sharma, Anmol Sharma
Neurology India.2024; 72(2): 411. CrossRef
Patient Selection for Deep Brain Stimulation for Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration
Jason L. Chan, Ashley E. Rawls, Joshua K. Wong, Penelope Hogarth, Justin D. Hilliard, Michael S. Okun
Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Surgical treatment of movement disorders in neurometabolic conditions
Alonso Zea Vera, Andrea L. Gropman
Frontiers in Neurology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

Semiautomated Algorithm for the Diagnosis of Multiple System Atrophy With Predominant Parkinsonism: Woong-Woo Lee, Han-Joon Kim, Hong Ji Lee, Han Byul Kim, Kwang Suk Park, Chul-Ho Sohn, Beomseok Jeon; J Mov Disord. 2022;15(3):232-240. Published online July 26, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.21178

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Objective
Putaminal iron deposition is an important feature that helps differentiate multiple system atrophy with predominant parkinsonism (MSA-p) from Parkinson’s disease (PD). Most previous studies used visual inspection or quantitative methods with manual manipulation to perform this differentiation. We investigated the value of a new semiautomated diagnostic algorithm using 3T-MR susceptibility-weighted imaging for MSA-p.
Methods
This study included 26 MSA-p, 68 PD, and 41 normal control (NC) subjects. The algorithm was developed in 2 steps: 1) determine the image containing the remarkable putaminal margin and 2) calculate the phase-shift values, which reflect the iron concentration. The next step was to identify the best differentiating conditions among several combinations. The highest phaseshift value of each subject was used to assess the most effective diagnostic set.
Results
The raw phase-shift values were present along the lateral margin of the putamen in each group. It demonstrates an anterior- to-posterior gradient that was identified most frequently in MSA-p. The average of anterior 5 phase shift values were used for normalization. The highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.874, 80.8% sensitivity, and 86.7% specificity) of MSA-p versus PD was obtained under the combination of 3 or 4 vertical pixels and one dominant side when the normalization methods were applied. In the subanalysis for the MSA-p patients with a longer disease duration, the performance of the algorithm improved.
Conclusion
This algorithm detected the putaminal lateral margin well, provided insight into the iron distribution of the putaminal rim of MSA-p, and demonstrated good performance in differentiating MSA-p from PD.

Citations

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Ocular Vestibular-Evoked Myogenic Potential Assists in the Differentiation of Multiple System Atrophy From Parkinson’s Disease
Keun-Tae Kim, Kyoungwon Baik, Sun-Uk Lee, Euyhyun Park, Chan-Nyoung Lee, Tonghoon Woo, Yukang Kim, Seoui Kwag, Hyunsoh Park, Ji-Soo Kim
Journal of Movement Disorders.2024; 17(4): 398. CrossRef
Biological Function Analysis of MicroRNAs and Proteins in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Parkinson’s Disease
Ji Su Hwang, Seok Gi Kim, Nimisha Pradeep George, Minjun Kwon, Yong Eun Jang, Sang Seop Lee, Gwang Lee
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(24): 13260. CrossRef

Development of Clinical Milestones in Parkinson’s Disease After Bilateral Subthalamic Deep Brain Stimulation: Jed Noel A. Ong, Jung Hwan Shin, Seungho Jeon, Chan Young Lee, Han-Joon Kim, Sun Ha Paek, Beomseok Jeon; J Mov Disord. 2022;15(2):124-131. Published online May 26, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.21106

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Objective
Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients does not halt disease progression, as these patients will progress and develop disabling non-levodopa responsive symptoms. These features may act as milestones that represent the overall functionality of patients after DBS. The objective of this study was to investigate the development of clinical milestones in advanced PD patients who underwent bilateral STN-DBS.
Methods
The study evaluated PD patients who underwent STN-DBS at baseline up to their last follow-up using the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale and Hoehn and Yahr scale. The symptoms of hallucinations, dysarthria, dysphagia, frequent falls, difficulty walking, cognitive impairment and the loss of autonomy were chosen as the clinical milestones.
Results
A total of 106 patients with a mean age of 47.21 ± 10.52 years at disease onset, a mean age of 58.72 ± 8.74 years at surgery and a mean disease duration of 11.51 ± 4.4 years before surgery were included. Initial improvement of motor symptoms was seen after the surgery with the appearance of clinical milestones over time. Using the moderately disabling criteria, 81 patients (76.41%) developed at least one clinical milestone, while 48 patients (45.28%) developed a milestone when using the severely disabling criteria.
Conclusion
STN-DBS has a limited effect on axial and nonmotor symptoms of the PD patients, in contrast to the effect on motor symptoms. These symptoms may serve as clinical milestones that can convey the status of PD patients and its impact on the patients and their caregivers. Therefore, advanced PD patients, even those treated with bilateral STN-DBS, will still require assistance and cannot live independently in the long run.

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Unveiling the Impact of Outpatient Physiotherapy on Specific Motor Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study
Yuta Terasawa, Koki Ikuno, Shintaro Fujii, Yuki Nishi, Emi Tanizawa, Sachio Nabeshima, Yohei Okada
Brain & Neurorehabilitation.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

Brief communications

Automatic Measurement of Postural Abnormalities With a Pose Estimation Algorithm in Parkinson’s Disease: Jung Hwan Shin, Kyung Ah Woo, Chan Young Lee, Seung Ho Jeon, Han-Joon Kim, Beomseok Jeon; J Mov Disord. 2022;15(2):140-145. Published online January 19, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.21129

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Objective
This study aims to develop an automated and objective tool to evaluate postural abnormalities in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients.
Methods
We applied a deep learning-based pose-estimation algorithm to lateral photos of prospectively enrolled PD patients (n = 28). We automatically measured the anterior flexion angle (AFA) and dropped head angle (DHA), which were validated with conventional manual labeling methods.
Results
The automatically measured DHA and AFA were in excellent agreement with manual labeling methods (intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.95) with mean bias equal to or less than 3 degrees.
Conclusion
The deep learning-based pose-estimation algorithm objectively measured postural abnormalities in PD patients.

Citations

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Research Progress of Camptocormia in Parkinson Disease
Yilin Lu, Xiang Zhang, Junyu Li, Weishi Li, Miao Yu
Clinical Spine Surgery.2025; 38(2): 39. CrossRef
Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters During Turning and Imbalance in Parkinson’s Disease: Video-Based Analysis From a Single Camera
HoYoung Jeon, Jung Hwan Shin, Ri Yu, Min Kyung Kang, Seungmin Lee, Seoyeon Kim, Bora Jin, Kyung Ah Woo, Han-Joon Kim, Beomseok Jeon
Journal of Movement Disorders.2025; 18(1): 87. CrossRef
Botulinum Toxin for Axial Postural Abnormalities in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review
Marialuisa Gandolfi, Carlo Alberto Artusi, Gabriele Imbalzano, Serena Camozzi, Mauro Crestani, Leonardo Lopiano, Michele Tinazzi, Christian Geroin
Toxins.2024; 16(5): 228. CrossRef
Three‐Dimensional Mesh Recovery from Common 2‐Dimensional Pictures for Automated Assessment of Body Posture in Camptocormia
Robin Wolke, Olga Gavriliuc, Oliver Granert, Günther Deuschl, Nils G. Margraf
Movement Disorders Clinical Practice.2023; 10(3): 472. CrossRef
Assessment of Axial Postural Abnormalities in Parkinsonism: Automatic Picture Analysis Software
Carlo Alberto Artusi, Christian Geroin, Gabriele Imbalzano, Serena Camozzi, Stefano Aldegheri, Leonardo Lopiano, Michele Tinazzi, Nicola Bombieri
Movement Disorders Clinical Practice.2023; 10(4): 636. CrossRef
Camera- and Viewpoint-Agnostic Evaluation of Axial Postural Abnormalities in People with Parkinson’s Disease through Augmented Human Pose Estimation
Stefano Aldegheri, Carlo Alberto Artusi, Serena Camozzi, Roberto Di Marco, Christian Geroin, Gabriele Imbalzano, Leonardo Lopiano, Michele Tinazzi, Nicola Bombieri
Sensors.2023; 23(6): 3193. CrossRef

Investigation of Nocturnal Hypokinesia and Health-Related Quality of Life in Parkinsonian Patients with the Korean Version of the Nocturnal Hypokinesia Questionnaire: Ji-Hyun Choi, Jee-Young Lee, Chaewon Shin, Dallah Yoo, Jin Hee Im, Kyung Ah Woo, Han-Joon Kim, Tae-Beom Ahn, Jong-Min Kim, Beomseok Jeon; J Mov Disord. 2021;14(3):221-225. Published online May 26, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.20172

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Objective
To assess nocturnal hypokinesia using the Korean version of the Nocturnal Hypokinesia Questionnaire (NHQ-K) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients across disease stages.
Methods
We developed the NHQ-K and performed questionnaire-based interviews with 108 PD patients from three referral hospitals. Clinical associations of nocturnal hypokinesia and its impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) were also analyzed.
Results
The NHQ-K showed acceptable internal consistency (0.83) and interrater reliability (0.95). Nocturnal hypokinesia significantly affected HRQoL in PD patients at both the early and advanced stages (adjusted p < 0.001). Increased severity of nocturnal hypokinesia was associated with dyskinesias, off-period disability, apathy, and anxious mood in PD patients (adjusted p < 0.01) after controlling for disease severity and medication dose.
Conclusion
The NHQ-K is useful for screening nocturnal hypokinesia in PD patients. Given the high impact of nocturnal hypokinesia on HRQoL, comprehensive management of nocturnal disability is needed for PD patients.

Citations

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Technological evaluation of strategies to get out of bed by people with Parkinson's disease: Insights from multisite wearable sensors
Jirada Sringean, Chusak Thanawattano, Roongroj Bhidayasiri
Frontiers in Medical Technology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

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