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Effectiveness of Exercise on the Sequence Effect in Parkinson’s Disease
Suk Yun Kang, Young Ho Sohn
J Mov Disord. 2020;13(3):213-217.   Published online August 31, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.20045
  • 5,044 View
  • 143 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Objective
To determine the benefits of motor training on the sequence effect (SE), an essential component of bradykinesia in Parkinson’s disease (PD).
Methods
Seven patients with de novo PD participated in this study. The patients performed regular pentagon drawing tests and exercises during four visits. The first two visits occurred before the start of medication, and the last two visits occurred at least six months after the start of medication. We assessed the severity of bradykinesia and SE at each visit and compared the results before and after exercise in both the de novo and treatment conditions.
Results
In the de novo condition, the severity of bradykinesia significantly improved after motor training (p = 0.018), but it did not resolve and only showed a trend of improvement after treatment (p = 0.068). The severity of the SE decreased significantly in the drug-naïve condition (p = 0.028) but not after medication (p = 0.273).
Conclusion
Our study suggests that regular motor training may be beneficial for the SE in PD.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Exploring the Complex Phenotypes of Impaired Finger Dexterity in Mild-to-moderate Stage Parkinson’s Disease: A Time-Series Analysis
    Pattamon Panyakaew, Kotchakorn Duangjino, Apiwoot Kerddonfag, Teerit Ploensin, Krerk Piromsopa, Chanon Kongkamol, Roongroj Bhidayasiri
    Journal of Parkinson's Disease.2023; 13(6): 975.     CrossRef
  • The Effects of Intensive Neurorehabilitation on Sequence Effect in Parkinson's Disease Patients With and Without Freezing of Gait
    Alessia Putortì, Michele Corrado, Micol Avenali, Daniele Martinelli, Marta Allena, Silvano Cristina, Valentina Grillo, Luca Martinis, Stefano Tamburin, Mariano Serrao, Antonio Pisani, Cristina Tassorelli, Roberto De Icco
    Frontiers in Neurology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
Original Articles
Movement Disorders in Non-Wilsonian Hepatic Cirrhotic Patients: The Subgroup Analysis of Various Phenotypes and Associated Risk Factors
Kulthida Methawasin, Piyanant Chonmaitree, Chatchawan Wongjitrat, Suthee Rattanamongkolgul, Thanin Asawavichienjinda
J Mov Disord. 2016;9(2):104-113.   Published online March 28, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.15047
  • 18,624 View
  • 88 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objective
The aim of this subgroup analysis was to identify the risk factors associated with the development of various movement disorder phenotypes.
Methods
Eighty-three non-Wilsonian cirrhotic patients with abnormal movements were allocated into the following groups: intention tremor, bradykinesia, Parkinsonism, and abnormal ocular movements. These movement types were considered the primary outcomes as there was a sufficient sample size. Researchers took into consideration the gender, etiologies of cirrhosis, cirrhosis-related complications, hepatic encephalopathy, medical illness, and some neurological deficits as potential factors associated with these movement disorders.
Results
The male gender (p = 0.002) and alcoholic cirrhosis (p = 0.005) were significant factors for the prevalence of intention tremors. In bradykinesia, hepatic encephalopathy was highly statistically significant (p < 0.001), and females more commonly developed bradykinesia (p = 0.04). The Parkinsonism features in this study were confounded by hyperlipidemia (p = 0.04) and motor or sensory deficits (p = 0.02). Jerky pursuits and a horizontal nystagmus were detected. Jerky pursuits were significantly related to hepatic encephalopathy (p = 0.003) and bradykinesia, but there were no factors associated with the prevalence of nystagmus other than an intention tremor.
Conclusions
The association of alcoholic cirrhosis with the development of intention tremor indicates that the persistent cerebellar malfunction in cirrhotic patients is due to alcohol toxicity. The slowness of finger tapping and jerky pursuit eye movements are significantly associated with hepatic encephalopathy. Thus, further studies are needed to evaluate the diagnostic value of these two signs for an early detection of mild hepatic encephalopathy.
The Sequence Effect in De Novo Parkinson’s Disease
Suk Yun Kang, Toshiaki Wasaka, Ejaz A. Shamim, Sungyoung Auh, Yoshino Ueki, Nguyet Dang, Mark Hallett
J Mov Disord. 2011;4(1):38-40.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.11006
  • 12,993 View
  • 57 Download
  • 12 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background and Purpose

The sequence effect (SE) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) denotes progressive slowness in speed or progressive decrease in amplitude of repetitive movements. It is a well-known feature of bradykinesia and is considered unique in PD. Until now, it was well-documented in advanced PD, but not in drug-naïve PD. The aim of this study is to know whether the SE can also be measured in drug-naïve PD.

Methods

We measured the SE with a computer-based, modified Purdue pegboard in 4 drug-naïve PD patients, which matched our previous study with advanced PD patients.

Results

We observed progressive slowness during movement, that is, SE. Statistical analysis showed a strong statistical trend toward the SE with the right hand, but no significance with the left hand. There was no statistical significance of SE with either the more or less affected hands.

Conclusions

These results indicate that the SE can be identified in drug-naïve PD, as well as in advanced PD, with objective measurements and support the idea that the SE is a feature in PD observed during the early stage of the disease without medication.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Bradykinesia in Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Blinded Video Analysis of Pathology‐Proven Cases
    Luca Marsili, Kevin R. Duque, Nathan Gregor, Elhusseini Abdelghany, Jesus Abanto, Andrew P. Duker, Matthew C. Hagen, Alberto J. Espay, Matteo Bologna
    Movement Disorders.2023; 38(3): 496.     CrossRef
  • The Sequence Effect Worsens Over Time in Parkinson’s Disease and Responds to Open and Closed-Loop Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation
    Yasmine M. Kehnemouyi, Matthew N. Petrucci, Kevin B. Wilkins, Jillian A. Melbourne, Helen M. Bronte-Stewart
    Journal of Parkinson's Disease.2023; 13(4): 537.     CrossRef
  • Neurofeedback-guided kinesthetic motor imagery training in Parkinson’s disease: Randomized trial
    Sule Tinaz, Serageldin Kamel, Sai S. Aravala, Mohamed Elfil, Ahmed Bayoumi, Amar Patel, Dustin Scheinost, Rajita Sinha, Michelle Hampson
    NeuroImage: Clinical.2022; 34: 102980.     CrossRef
  • The Pathophysiological Correlates of Parkinson's Disease Clinical Subtypes
    Daniele Belvisi, Andrea Fabbrini, Maria Ilenia De Bartolo, Matteo Costanzo, Nicoletta Manzo, Giovanni Fabbrini, Giovanni Defazio, Antonella Conte, Alfredo Berardelli
    Movement Disorders.2021; 36(2): 370.     CrossRef
  • The Effects of Intensive Neurorehabilitation on Sequence Effect in Parkinson's Disease Patients With and Without Freezing of Gait
    Alessia Putortì, Michele Corrado, Micol Avenali, Daniele Martinelli, Marta Allena, Silvano Cristina, Valentina Grillo, Luca Martinis, Stefano Tamburin, Mariano Serrao, Antonio Pisani, Cristina Tassorelli, Roberto De Icco
    Frontiers in Neurology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Evolving concepts on bradykinesia
    Matteo Bologna, Giulia Paparella, Alfonso Fasano, Mark Hallett, Alfredo Berardelli
    Brain.2020; 143(3): 727.     CrossRef
  • Effectiveness of Exercise on the Sequence Effect in Parkinson’s Disease
    Suk Yun Kang, Young Ho Sohn
    Journal of Movement Disorders.2020; 13(3): 213.     CrossRef
  • Neurophysiological correlates of bradykinesia in Parkinson’s disease
    Matteo Bologna, Andrea Guerra, Giulia Paparella, Laura Giordo, Danilo Alunni Fegatelli, Anna Rita Vestri, John C Rothwell, Alfredo Berardelli
    Brain.2018; 141(8): 2432.     CrossRef
  • Insula as the Interface Between Body Awareness and Movement: A Neurofeedback-Guided Kinesthetic Motor Imagery Study in Parkinson’s Disease
    Sule Tinaz, Kiran Para, Ana Vives-Rodriguez, Valeria Martinez-Kaigi, Keerthana Nalamada, Mine Sezgin, Dustin Scheinost, Michelle Hampson, Elan D. Louis, R. Todd Constable
    Frontiers in Human Neuroscience.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Sequence Effect in Parkinson’s Disease Is Related to Motor Energetic Cost
    Sule Tinaz, Ajay S. Pillai, Mark Hallett
    Frontiers in Neurology.2016;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Bradykinesia in early and advanced Parkinson's disease
    Matteo Bologna, Giorgio Leodori, Paola Stirpe, Giulia Paparella, Donato Colella, Daniele Belvisi, Alfonso Fasano, Giovanni Fabbrini, Alfredo Berardelli
    Journal of the Neurological Sciences.2016; 369: 286.     CrossRef
  • Neural correlates of progressive reduction of bradykinesia in de novo Parkinson's disease
    Eeksung Lee, Ji Eun Lee, Kwangsun Yoo, Jin Yong Hong, Jungsu Oh, Mun Kyung Sunwoo, Jae Seung Kim, Yong Jeong, Phil Hyu Lee, Young Ho Sohn, Suk Yun Kang
    Parkinsonism & Related Disorders.2014;[Epub]     CrossRef

JMD : Journal of Movement Disorders